Sputum: Causes & Reasons - Symptoma South Africa

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Possible Causes for Sputum

Acute Bronchitis

Clinical and inflammatory indices in induced sputum were measured on days 6, 8, and 11. The cough cleared spontaneously by day 11. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] efficacy of oral anti-inflammatory or antibiotic treatment compared with placebo in the resolution of cough in patients with uncomplicated acute bronchitis and discoloured sputum [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] yellow or green sputum is described with an acute cough. [pulmccm.org]

Viral Upper Respiratory Infection

Yes Coughing up sputum or blood No Coughing up sputum or blood Are you coughing up blood? This means blood that is coming up from your chest or throat. [northshore.org]

Case 2 A 37-year-old male complains of a 4-week history of cough productive of greenish sputum. [medicine.uiowa.edu]

[…] of symptoms), zinc sulfate syrup or tablets (taken within first 24 hr of symptoms decreased duration of symptoms), Pelargonium sidoides extract (resolution of cough and sputum [atsu.edu]

Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis

However, the low positive rate and poor quality of slices restrict the application of sputum samples in the diagnosis of PAP. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

KEYWORDS: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; electron microscopy; induced sputum; pathology; pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; sputum [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastric washings, bronchial washings and sputum were all negative on culture for tubercle bacilli; bronchial washings cultured on Sabouraud's medium were negative, and a sputum [doi.org]

Cryptococcosis

Abstract Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from the sputum, bronchial washings, or pleural fluid of 17 patients, 9 of whom were thought to have cryptococcal pulmonary disease [annals.org]

Sputum cytology for malignant cells and acid-fast stain for acid-fast bacilli was negative. HIV antibody test was negative and CD4 count - 502 cells/microliter. [ccij-online.org]

This is achieved using a sample of cerbrospinal fluid, sputum or urine. [news-medical.net]

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

She was diagnosed with chyloptysis and chylous pulmonary congestion by sputum analysis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Initial diagnosis was based primarily on clinical signs and symptoms and treatment was started despite the negative result of the sputum microscopy for acid fast bacilli. [pesquisa.bvsalud.org]

This can result in the patient coughing up blood-stained sputum or blood (hemoptysis). [medicinenet.com]

Acute Myocardial Infarction

Microbiological analysis and empiric antibiotic therapy Microbiological examinations were performed on sputum, urine and blood during the first 24 h after admission and according [openres.ersjournals.com]

[…] hypotension and cardiogenic shock can be seen The respiratory rate may be increased in response to pulmonary congestion or anxiety Coughing, wheezing, and the production of frothy sputum [emedicine.medscape.com]

Bronchitis

Sputum production is reported in more than 50% of individuals that present cough as symptom. The sputum may be green, yellow, clear or even blood tinged. [symptoma.com]

The presence of nasal discharge (43.4%) was associated with more cough and sputum symptoms, whereas post-nasal drip (13.1%) was associated with more sputum symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, after the initial diagnosis, nucleic acid amplification tests of her sputum showed the absence of both Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Bordetella pertussis infections. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Viral Lower Respiratory Infection

Heat killed sputum aliquots were stored for PCR at −70°C. [thorax.bmj.com]

Purulent sputum is usually the best way to do this. Investigations You're basically trying to see how bad the pneumonia is. [medrevise.co.uk]

Yes Coughing up sputum or blood No Coughing up sputum or blood Are you coughing up blood? This means blood that is coming up from your chest or throat. [northshore.org]

Moraxella Catarrhalis

METHODS: The study comprised sputum specimens of 776 patients at various branches of Dr Essa's Diagnostic Lab, Karachi. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It demonstrates a potential pathogen with high mortality when the presence of heavy numbers of organisms, intracellularly and extracellularly, in the sputum Gram's stained [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sputum Samples Study personnel who processed sputum samples were unaware of the clinical status of patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

BACKGROUND: To compare the clinical values of bronchoscopic sputum suction and general sputum suction in respiratory failure patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The presence of nasal discharge (43.4%) was associated with more cough and sputum symptoms, whereas post-nasal drip (13.1%) was associated with more sputum symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Firstly, they are recommended in the patients having an acute exacerbation with increased dyspnoea, sputum volume, and sputum purulence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pneumonia

A urinary antigen test and sputum culture were both negative for Legionella pneumophila; however, a sputum sample that was examined by loop-mediated isothermal amplification [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Doctors obtain sputum samples by giving a vapor treatment that causes the person to cough deeply (inducing sputum production) or insert a bronchoscope (small flexible tube [msdmanuals.com]

Sputum samples obtained by inducing a cough and particularly those obtained with a bronchoscope are less likely to contain saliva and are more likely than expectorated sputum [msdmanuals.com]

Klebsiella

Sputum has a thick, currant jelly-like consistency. Sputum samples show a Gram-negative, encapsulated, non-motile bacillus that ferments lactose. [microtosis.com]

The thick blood tinged sputum resembles "red currant jelly". Visit: Bronchopneumonia Pneumonia develops when the bacilli invade and multiply within the alveolar spaces. [histopathology-india.net]

Virulence factors of K. pneumoniae (Source) Laboratory diagnosis of K. pneumoniae infection Sample: Sputum (Red currant-jelly sputum may be seen in patient infected with K.pneumoniae [microbeonline.com]

Pulmonary Emphysema

Cough and sputum over many years. Barrel-shaped chest as the muscles of the chest remain in the inhalation position. [pari.com]

Slowly progressive dyspnea is the primary symptom, although some patients initially have symptoms of cough, sputum production, or wheezing. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pink sputum – sputum evenly mixed with blood from alveoli and/or small peripheral bronchi. [en.wikipedia.org]

Upper Airway Cough Syndrome

After induced sputum cytology, the concentrations of histamine, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGPR) in the induced sputum were measured by [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Initial eosinophil percentage in induced sputum was 3.5-8.0%. Cough disappeared after 2-5 (3 +/- 1) weeks of only oral antihistamine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Initial eosinophil percentage in induced sputum was 3.5-8.0%. Cough disappeared after 2-5 (3 ± 1) weeks of only oral antihistamine. [agris.fao.org]

Atelectasis

[…] treatment of atelectasis in cystic fibrosis and its use is also reported in the management of asthma, respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis to liquefy sputum [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The RTX respirator may be a useful tool for the management of elderly patients with sputum retention. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) reduces sputum viscosity and improves pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis (CF). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acute Respiratory Infection

[…] diagnoses are agitation, irritability and diaphoresis for IGE; dyspnea, use of accessory muscles to breathe, orthopnea, and abnormal breathing pattern for IBP and excessive sputum [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] enrolled hospitalized patients who had temperature ≥37·3°C and at least one of: cough, sore throat, tachypnea, difficulty breathing, abnormal breath sounds on auscultation, sputum [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

STUDY DESIGN: Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) or induced sputum (IS) was collected from hospitalised children with SARIs in Beijing (representing Northern China; n = 259) [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Upper Respiratory Infection

[…] that the independent factors that contributed to the frequency of recurrent severe exacerbations were female sex (regression coefficient β = 0.62, p < .01), an episode of sputum [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A sputum quellung test can specify S pneumoniae by serotype. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, cough, and sputum production are the hallmark symptoms of URIs. [mcomarin.com]

Pulmonary Edema

Clinically we are taught to differentiate between various types of sputum. The sputum in pulmonary edema is characteristically pink and frothy. [biology.stackexchange.com]

However, the patient developed pink frothy sputum with diffuse bilateral rales 30 min later after transported to surgical intensive care unit (SICU). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients have severe dyspnea, diaphoresis, wheezing, and sometimes blood-tinged frothy sputum. [merckmanuals.com]

Malignant Neoplasm of the Lung

Sputum testing: This is a simple test that is sometimes performed to detect cancer in the lungs. Sputum is thick mucus that may be produced during a cough. [emedicinehealth.com]

Sputum cytology Patients are sometimes asked to cough up a mixture of saliva and mucus (sputum) from the lungs, into a pot. [royalmarsden.nhs.uk]

a continuing cough, or change in a long-standing cough a chest infection that doesn't get better becoming breathlessness and wheezing coughing up blood-stained phlegm (sputum [christie.nhs.uk]

Chronic Bronchitis

A 49-year-old woman complained of cough and a purulent sputum (about 40 ml/day). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Total mucin concentrations in sputum were measured with the use of size-exclusion chromatography and refractometry. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prophylactic use reduces the rate of exacerbations and improves the key symptoms of sputum and cough with a favorable long-term tolerability profile. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nosocomial Pneumonia

[…] organism from blood cultures CXR signs: infiltrate, consolidation, cavitation, effusion virus in sputum IgM antibody +ve 4 fold increase in IgG titre histopathology +ve for [lifeinthefastlane.com]

[…] fever Laboratory inflammatory marker elevation positive cultures (sputum or blood) 4 fold increase in antibody titres histopathology consistent with pneumonia Radiological [lifeinthefastlane.com]

[…] smoking excessive alcohol use known local prevalence of hospital-acquired disease CLINICAL FEATURES crackles or dullness to percussion and any of the following: purulent sputum [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Atypical Pneumonia

Moderate amount of sputum, or no sputum at all (i.e. non-productive). Lack of alveolar exudate. [en.wikipedia.org]

Bulk sputum with productive cough Sputum is either mild or absent and produces non-productive cough Treatment Regime Infection treated with Penicillin or cephalosporin Infection [differencebetween.net]

Obtain sputum cultures prior to initiation of antibiotic therapy. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Lingular Pneumonia

A sputum Gram stain demonstrated mixed organisms and sputum culture was contaminated with oropharyngeal flora. [jtd.amegroups.com]

Expectorated sputum samples were obtained. [mdedge.com]

Viral loads in the throat swabs and sputum peaked about 5 or 6 days after symptom onset, with sputum showing higher loads than throat samples. [cidrap.umn.edu]

Fibrinous Bronchitis

Pus and blood in the sputum often take the form of streaks. In the later stages of the disease is almost always sputum mucopurulent. [omedicine.info]

Sputum examination revealed numerous small lymphocytes. Tests for bacteria and fungi were negative. [doi.org]

Samples of the inspissated sputum were sent to the Pathology and Microbiology departments for examination. [go.gale.com]

Cardiac Asthma

[…] occurring at night but sometimes following exertion, lasting from minutes to hours and accompanied by a sense of suffocation, by wheezing and often by cough with frothy sputum [jama.jamanetwork.com]

Influenza Pneumonia

Viral detection by immunofluorescent tests in sputum specimens can provide a rapid diagnosis and merits further evaluation. [amjcaserep.com]

Sputum samples were collected from participants and tested for influenza virus by polymerase chain reaction assays. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sputum gram stain revealed numerous leukocytes with no bacteria. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

The sputum antigen kit results correlated well with the sputum culture results. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The mean copy numbers from sputum were higher when the sputum cultures were positive than when the sputum cultures were negative (7.9 versus 5.6 log10 copies/ml; P < 0.001 [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] were positive for pneumococcal infection (232 by sputum culture, 317 by sputum PCR, 197 by urinary antigen test, and 14 by blood culture). 522 (26%) patients were judged [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lobar Pneumonia

Pneumococcal antigen was detected by counter-current immunoelectrophoresis in the sputum of 79% of patients with purulent sputum, in the serum of 29% of the patients, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Subsequently, K. rhinoscleromatis was detected in sputum and blood culture. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Persistent cough with expectoration of copious amounts of foul smelling purulent sputum. • Post infectious cases commonly develop in childhood and early adult life. 36 [slideshare.net]

Uremic Pneumonitis

[…] volume Increased sputum purulence Abx: 77% decreased mortality! [emergencymedicinecases.com]

This is usually a cough with scanty sputum production. Cough is a defense mechanism in removing particles and pathogens. [medicaljoyworks.com]

Large volume of sputum, which separates into two or three layers upon standing. [kumc.edu]

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Multiplex PCR was performed on sputum samples to detect S. pneumoniae and its serotypes. Blood and sputum cultures as well as atypical bacteria serology, were also done. [erj.ersjournals.com]

Diagnostic value of microscopic examination of Gram-stained sputum and sputum cultures in patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, Clin Infect Dis, 2004, vol. 39 [academic.oup.com]