Presentation
Our ICU presents a low patient flow which require, because of present or ulteriorly “gained” pathologies, a longer hospitalization (with an average of 30 patients per year). [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]
It is usually present in wet environments, such as: soil and mud ponds wetlands wastewater fish farms seawater Healthy people can also carry the Acinetobacter bacteria on their skin, particularly if they work in a healthcare setting. [medicalnewstoday.com]
Conclusion From the present study, it is clear that infections in hospitalized patients due to MDR A. baumannii are common. [dovepress.com]
Data are presented as percentage. Green bars, resistant isolates; blue bars, intermediate isolates; yellow bars, sensitive isolates. [frontiersin.org]
Entire Body System
- Wound Infection
It can cause bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infection, wound infection, and nosocomial infections. Isolates resistant to almost all commercially available antimicrobials have been identified. [genome.jp]
The most common Acinetobacter infections include: pneumonia bacteraemia (blood stream infection) wound infections urinary tract infections Diagnosis Antimicrobial resistance and healthcare associated infections (AMRHAI) reference unit Management Working [gov.uk]
Symptoms of a bloodstream infection might include fever, chills, vomiting, and confusion. A wound infection might cause fever and redness, increasing pain, and pus around the wound. [vdh.virginia.gov]
This type of Acinetobacter can cause a variety of infections in people, including: blood infections urinary tract infections pneumonia, an infection of the lungs infections in wounds Symptoms will vary depending on the type of infection that the bacteria [medicalnewstoday.com]
- Chills
Typical symptoms of pneumonia could include fever, chills, or cough. Symptoms of a bloodstream infection might include fever, chills, vomiting, and confusion. [vdh.virginia.gov]
Blood infection: a fever chills vomiting confusion Urinary tract infection: frequent need to urinate pain or burning sensation when urinating blood in the urine cloudy urine foul smelling urine Pneumonia: a fever chills coughing Wound infection: redness [medicalnewstoday.com]
Bloodstream infections often initially cause symptoms like fever and chills, rash, and confusion or other altered mental states, and are often associated with an elevated lactic acid level that’s found with severe sepsis. [everydayhealth.com]
You have chills or a cough or feel weak and achy. You have new or more pain, redness, or swelling in the area of a wound. Your urine is dark in color, or you are urinating less or less often than usual. [drugs.com]
- Rigor
Healthcare workers and people receiving treatment can take the following precautions: taking antibiotics only when necessary and exactly as a doctor prescribes cleaning hospital rooms and facilities daily cleaning medical equipment and surfaces rigorously [medicalnewstoday.com]
[…] the patient or handling medical devices allow healthcare staff to clean their room daily when in a healthcare setting In addition to hand hygiene, healthcare providers should pay careful attention to recommended infection control practices, including rigorous [cdc.gov]
Established recommendations including proper detection of drug resistance in pathogens, antimicrobial restriction policies to avoid excessive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, improving resistance surveillance systems, and rigorous infection control [dovepress.com]
But to have assured conclusion, more perspective studies should be rigorously designed. However, this paper has its limitation: 1. single center research. [oatext.com]
Respiratoric
- Cough
You have chills or a cough or feel weak and achy. You have new or more pain, redness, or swelling in the area of a wound. Your urine is dark in color, or you are urinating less or less often than usual. [drugs.com]
Blood infection: a fever chills vomiting confusion Urinary tract infection: frequent need to urinate pain or burning sensation when urinating blood in the urine cloudy urine foul smelling urine Pneumonia: a fever chills coughing Wound infection: redness [medicalnewstoday.com]
Typical symptoms of pneumonia could include fever, chills, or cough. Symptoms of a bloodstream infection might include fever, chills, vomiting, and confusion. [vdh.virginia.gov]
Pneumonia may cause a range of symptoms, including but not limited to: Chills Fever Headache Breathing problems Muscle pain and chest pain Cough, sometimes with yellow, green, or bloody mucus In some cases, A. baumannii may colonize a site, such as an [everydayhealth.com]
[…] compatible with the diagnosis of pneumonia, including a new pulmonary infiltrate plus one additional criterion (fever ≥38 °C, blood leukocytosis ≥10,000 cells/mm3 or leucopenia ≤3000 cells/mm3), together with one or more of the following conditions: new cough [aricjournal.biomedcentral.com]
Cardiovascular
- Hypotension
Septic shock was defined as persistent hypotension despite fluid replacement, requiring vasopressors. We chose in-hospital mortality as the primary outcome measure. [frontiersin.org]
Neurologic
- Meningism
Types of possible A. baumannii infections include: Pneumonia Bloodstream infections (bacteremia and sepsis) Meningitis (an infection or inflammation of the meninges, the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) Wound and surgical site infections, [everydayhealth.com]
Meningitis: Meningitis is an infection of the brain or spinal cord. This may happen after surgery that was done on your brain or spine. It may also happen if you have a shunt or drain in your head. [drugs.com]
It can cause bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infection, wound infection, and nosocomial infections. Isolates resistant to almost all commercially available antimicrobials have been identified. [genome.jp]
Antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter meningitis in neurosurgical patients. Neurosurgery. 1994 Nov. 35(5):851-5; discussion 855. [Medline]. Krol V, Hamid NS, Cunha BA. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Infections associated with A. baumannii include ventilator-associated pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, wound infections, urinary tract infections, secondary meningitis, and blood-stream infections.3 Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a [dovepress.com]
- Burning Sensation
UTIs typically cause various urinary symptoms, including pain or burning sensations while urinating, foul-smelling urine that may be cloudy or bloody, and a strong urge to urinate frequently. [everydayhealth.com]
Blood infection: a fever chills vomiting confusion Urinary tract infection: frequent need to urinate pain or burning sensation when urinating blood in the urine cloudy urine foul smelling urine Pneumonia: a fever chills coughing Wound infection: redness [medicalnewstoday.com]
Workup
On the other hand, a subset of non-septic patients who grew AB in blood cultures taken as part of the workup of fever in a hospitalized patient and did not receive active treatment against XDR AB, remained in relatively good clinical conditions. [frontiersin.org]
Treatment
A doctor may use other antibiotic treatments, such as beta-lactam antibiotics, or other antimicrobial drugs to treat the infection. Researchers are also studying new antibiotics, which may be a treatment option in the future. [medicalnewstoday.com]
It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. [drugs.com]
Colistin, polymyxin B, and tigecycline are the reserve drugs for the treatment of MDR A. baumannii as it is 100% sensitive to these drugs. [dovepress.com]
(A) Use of antibiotics for empirical treatment of ABCBSI; (B) Use of antibiotics for antibiogram-directed treatment of ABCBSI. [frontiersin.org]
This review summarizes the approaches to treatment and the current understanding of the ability of acinetobacter to accumulate diverse mechanisms of resistance, with the emergence of strains resistant to all commercially available antibiotics. [nejm.org]
Prognosis
Prognosis The prognosis of Acinetobacter infection depends on the underlying health of the host and the extent of organ involvement; it is the same as for other aerobic gram-negative bacillary infections. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Discussion This study firstly reported a long-term change in incidence, antibiotic resistance, therapy, and prognosis of nosocomial ABCBSI in ICUs in eastern China. [frontiersin.org]
Epidemiology
Molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in a university hospital in Nepal reveals the emergence of a novel epidemic clonal lineage. [dovepress.com]
[…] infection Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii [GN:aby abc abn abx abz abr abd abh abad abj abab abaj abk abau abw abal] Other DBs ICD-11: MG50.0 ICD-10: A49.9 MeSH: D000151 Reference PMID:18444865 Authors Maragakis LL, Perl TM Title Acinetobacter baumannii: epidemiology [genome.jp]
[…] blood stream infection) wound infections urinary tract infections Diagnosis Antimicrobial resistance and healthcare associated infections (AMRHAI) reference unit Management Working party guidance on the control of multi-resistant Acinetobacter outbreaks Epidemiology [gov.uk]
Xiaorong Yang from Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, for his assistance in statistics. We thank Dr. Laura Smales for language editing. [frontiersin.org]
Multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections: epidemiology and management. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2010 Aug. 23(4):332-9. [Medline]. Greene C, Vadlamudi G, Newton D, Foxman B, Xi C. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology When Acinetobacter causes actual infection, the pathological changes that occur depend on the organ system involved. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Prevention
Visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website at https://www.cdc.gov/hai/organisms/acinetobacter.html. August 2018 [vdh.virginia.gov]
Practicing proper hygiene and thoroughly cleaning medical equipment and healthcare environments can help prevent Acinetobacter infections. [medicalnewstoday.com]
Therefore, rapid detection of the resistance determinants is necessary to modify therapy and to initiate effective infection control to prevent their dissemination. [dovepress.com]
There are many different species of Acinetobacter that can cause disease, but A. baumannii accounts for about 80 percent of reported Acinetobacter infections in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [everydayhealth.com]