Presentation
IBD (the vast majority being ulcerative colitis) is present in 60-80% of patients with PSC, and PSC is found in approximately 3% of patients with ulcerative colitis. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Treatment
A novel double stent system for palliative treatment of malignant extrahepatic biliary obstructions: a pilot study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Nov. 197(5):W942-7. [Medline]. Fukasawa M, Takano S, Shindo H, Takahashi E, Sato T, Enomoto N. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Prognosis
Prognosis The prognosis as well as the mortality and morbidity of biliary obstruction depends on the cause. Complications Note the following: The complications of cholestasis are proportional to the duration and intensity of the jaundice. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Etiology
The etiology of this disorder in patients who are HIV-positive is thought to be infectious (cytomegalovirus, Cryptosporidium species, and microsporidia have been implicated). [emedicine.medscape.com]
Epidemiology
Epidemiology, determinants, and management of AIDS cholangiopathy: A review. World Journal of Gastroenterology. Available online at https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v24/i7/767.htm. Accessed October 2018. Chemmanur, A.T. (Updated 2018 May 2). [labtestsonline.it]
Epidemiology United States data The incidence of biliary obstruction is approximately 5 cases per 1000 people. Race-related demographics The racial predilection depends on the cause of the biliary obstruction. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Pathophysiology
[…] in the hepatodudoenal ligament and then courses through the head of the pancreas for approximately 2 cm; it joins the terminal part of the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater before passing through the papilla of Vater into the duodenum. [1] Pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]
Prevention
Long-term relief of the biliary obstruction, whether it be surgical, percutaneous, or endoscopic, is necessary to prevent an adverse outcome. [5] Patients with biliary obstruction who undergo biliary tract surgery may develop postoperative acute oliguric [emedicine.medscape.com]