Conjunctival nevi typically present as small, flat, or slightly raised pigmented lesions on the conjunctiva. They are often noticed during routine eye examinations or when a patient observes a spot on the eye. These nevi can vary in color from light brown to dark brown and may contain cysts, which appear as clear or white areas within the nevus. Most conjunctival nevi are asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause discomfort or vision problems.

The workup for a conjunctival nevus involves a thorough eye examination by an ophthalmologist. This includes a slit-lamp examination, which provides a magnified view of the eye structures. If there is any suspicion of malignancy or if the nevus changes in size, shape, or color, further evaluation may be necessary. This could include photographic documentation for monitoring changes over time or, in rare cases, a biopsy to rule out malignancy.

In most cases, no treatment is required for a conjunctival nevus unless it causes discomfort or there is a concern about potential malignancy. If removal is necessary, it can be done surgically, often as an outpatient procedure. The decision to remove a nevus is typically based on cosmetic concerns, irritation, or suspicion of malignant transformation.

The prognosis for individuals with a conjunctival nevus is excellent. These lesions are benign and rarely transform into malignant melanoma. Regular monitoring by an eye specialist is recommended to ensure that any changes in the nevus are detected early. With appropriate follow-up, the risk of complications is minimal.

The exact cause of conjunctival nevi is not well understood, but they are thought to result from a proliferation of melanocytes, the cells responsible for pigment production. Genetic factors may play a role, as nevi are more common in individuals with lighter skin tones and those with a family history of similar lesions.

Conjunctival nevi are relatively common and can occur in individuals of all ages, though they are most frequently diagnosed in children and young adults. They are more prevalent in Caucasian populations and are less common in individuals with darker skin tones. The incidence of malignant transformation is very low.

The pathophysiology of conjunctival nevi involves the accumulation of melanocytes in the conjunctiva. These cells produce melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of the nevus. Over time, the nevus may change in appearance due to hormonal influences, sun exposure, or other environmental factors, although significant changes are uncommon.

There are no specific measures to prevent the development of conjunctival nevi. However, protecting the eyes from excessive sun exposure by wearing sunglasses with UV protection may help reduce the risk of changes in existing nevi. Regular eye examinations are important for early detection and monitoring of any changes in the nevus.

Conjunctival nevi are benign pigmented lesions on the eye's conjunctiva, similar to skin moles. They are usually harmless and asymptomatic, requiring no treatment unless changes occur. Regular monitoring by an eye specialist is recommended to ensure any changes are detected early. The prognosis is excellent, with a very low risk of malignant transformation.

If you notice a pigmented spot on the white part of your eye, it may be a conjunctival nevus. These are common and usually harmless, similar to a mole on your skin. They don't typically cause any problems, but it's a good idea to have them checked by an eye doctor, especially if you notice any changes in size, shape, or color. Regular eye exams can help monitor these spots and ensure they remain benign.