Presentation
Yet, in the present study, it was determined that a higher BMI was positively correlated with DKD. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]
As a result, the complications appear as the presenting symptoms that lead to the diagnosis. The characteristic retinopathy, for example, occasionally causes impairment of vision before glycosuria is found. [jamanetwork.com]
The data presented in those three studies suggested that intensive glycemic control had little or no protective effects on the progression of clinically present vascular complications of diabetes. [touchendocrinology.com]
Patients with simple numbness can present with a painless foot ulceration, so it is important to realize that lack of symptoms does not rule out presence of neuropathy. [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
Other forms of diabetic neuropathy may present as mononeuritis or autonomic neuropathy. Diabetic amyotrophy is muscle weakness due to neuropathy. [en.wikipedia.org]
Jaw & Teeth
- Periodontitis
Periodontitis is a major cause of tooth loss and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). [idf.org]
"Diabetes and periodontal diseases: interplay and links". Current Diabetes Reviews. 7 (6): 433–39. doi : 10.2174/157339911797579205. PMID 22091748. ^ a b Scott, G (March–April 2013). [en.wikipedia.org]
Urogenital
- Hematuria
It is important to note that falsely elevated urine protein levels may be produced by conditions such as urinary tract infections, exercise, and hematuria. [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
- Uremia
Chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy, vitamin B 12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, and uremia should be ruled out in the process of evaluating diabetic peripheral neuropathy. 16 Diabetic autonomic neuropathy also causes significant morbidity and even mortality [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
Treatment
[…] nephropathy benefit from treatment with antihypertensive drugs. [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
Abstract Although the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1C ) reflects chronic glycemic control, treatment-induced decreases in HbA 1C in patients who have established diabetes do not always predict beneficial clinical outcomes. [touchendocrinology.com]
Prompt, proper treatment usually results in full recovery, though death can result from inadequate or delayed treatment, or from complications (e.g., brain edema ). Ketoacidosis is much more common in type 1 diabetes than type 2. [en.wikipedia.org]
Hypertension was defined as SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥90 mmHg and/or treatment with antihypertensive drugs 31. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]
Prognosis
It is important to have a general understanding of the features of each to interpret eye examination reports and advise patients of disease progression and prognosis. [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
Zaoui, et al, "Role of Metalloproteases and Inhibitors in the Occurrence and Prognosis of Diabetic Renal Lesions," Diabetes and Metabolism, vol. 26 (Supplement 4), p. 25 (2000) ^ Bonnefont-Rousselot D (2004). [en.wikipedia.org]
Epidemiology
The Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study was a 10-year follow-up of the DCCT cohort after the study completed. [touchendocrinology.com]
Am J Med 120 : S12 -S17, 2007 ↵ Beckman JA, Creager MA, Libby P: Diabetes and atherosclerosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management. [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
"Epidemiology of diabetes and diabetes-related complications". Physical Therapy. 88 (11): 1254–64. doi : 10.2522/ptj.20080020. PMC 3870323. PMID 18801858. [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathophysiology
Am J Med 120 : S12 -S17, 2007 ↵ Beckman JA, Creager MA, Libby P: Diabetes and atherosclerosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management. [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
Applied Cardiopulmonary Pathophysiology. 16 (4–2012): 299–308. Retrieved 13 February 2013. ^ Lin, Elizabeth H. [en.wikipedia.org]
Prevention
However, with comprehensive management, a large proportion of amputations related to diabetes can be prevented. [idf.org]
Initial treatment of diabetic nephropathy, as of other complications of diabetes, is prevention. [clinical.diabetesjournals.org]
"Emerging role of thiamine therapy for prevention and treatment of early-stage diabetic nephropathy". Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 13 (7): 577–83. doi : 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01384.x. [en.wikipedia.org]
Previous studies have reported that β‐blockers leading to an increase in nitric oxide levels might be useful in the prevention of DPN 59. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]