Presentation
Health workers at primary level or in a trauma department should have a good knowledge of the presentation and management of ocular injuries. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The most obvious presentation of ocular (eye) injuries is redness and pain of the affected eyes. This is not, however, universally true, as tiny metallic projectiles may cause neither symptom. [en.wikipedia.org]
Entire Body System
- Falling
Article / Publication Details First-Page Preview Zusammenfassung Wir stellen hier den Fall einer Aderhautruptur vor, die durch ein Airbag-assoziiertes stumpfes Augentrauma verursacht und durch massive subretinale und Glaskörperblutungen kompliziert wurde [karger.com]
[…] estimated that from 2002–2003 there were 27,152 injuries in the United States related to the wearing of eyeglasses. [7] The same study concluded that sports-related injuries due to eyeglasses wear were more common in those under the age of 18 and that fall-related [en.wikipedia.org]
Eyes
- Visual Impairment
Further Reading All Visual Impairment Content What is visual impairment? Visual impairment Types Visual impairment Causes Visual impairment Diagnosis Last Updated: Feb 27, 2019 Written by Angela Betsaida B. [news-medical.net]
- Visual Impairment
Further Reading All Visual Impairment Content What is visual impairment? Visual impairment Types Visual impairment Causes Visual impairment Diagnosis Last Updated: Feb 27, 2019 Written by Angela Betsaida B. [news-medical.net]
Musculoskeletal
- Contusion
Usually heals within 24 – 48 hours Contusion Result of blunt injury, either at site of impact or distant to it Closed injury The wall of the globe is intact but structures inside the eye are damaged Rupture Jagged open injury due to blunt injury, often [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Based on the injury to the eyewall(outer fibrous coat of the eye consisting of cornea and sclera) Closed globe injury : The eye globe is intact, but the seven rings of the eye have been classically described as affected by blunt trauma.Types include:1) Contusion [en.wikipedia.org]
- Fracture
Other types include Blowout fracture of the orbit is caused by blunt trauma, classically described for fist or ball injury, leading to fracture of the floor or medial wall of the orbit due to sudden increased pressure on the orbital contents. [en.wikipedia.org]
Treatment
Care Advice for Minor Eye Injuries Small Cuts, Scratches or Scrapes Treatment: For any bleeding, put direct pressure on the wound. Use a gauze pad or clean cloth. Press for 10 minutes or until the bleeding has stopped. [stlouischildrens.org]
Most hyphaema clear within five to six days with conservative treatment. The sight-threatening complications of hyphaema are caused by raised IOP, which is managed by oral acetazolamide (Diamox). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The Eye Trauma Service of New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai (NYEE) is the leading facility in the metropolitan area for expert care and treatment of severe eye injuries. [nyee.edu]
Meyer CH, Scholl HP, Eter N, Helb H-M, Holz FG: Combined treatment of acute subretinal haemorrhages with intravitreal recombined tissue plasminogen activator, expansile gas and bevacizumab: a retrospective pilot study. [karger.com]
Prognosis
Many chemical injuries are caused by acid (e.g. exploding car battery), and these usually have a good prognosis as the acid damages only the superficial layers of the cornea. Alkali burns (e.g. ammonia) are less common, but much more severe. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
"The epidemiology of serious eye injuries from the United States Eye Injury Registry". Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 238 (2): 153–57. doi : 10.1007/pl00007884. PMID 10766285. ^ Shukla B. Epidemiology of ocular trauma. Jaypee Brothers; 2002. [en.wikipedia.org]
Pearlman JA, Au Eong KG, Kuhn F, Pieramici DJ: Airbags and eye injuries: epidemiology, spectrum of injury, and analysis of risk factors. Surv Ophthalmol 2001;46: 234-242. Kuhn F, Morris R, Witherspoon CD: Eye injury and the air bag. [karger.com]
Prevention
An estimated 90 percent of all eye injuries can be prevented through the use of protective eyewear. [news-medical.net]
Health workers must be able to skillfully handle injuries to ocular structures in a way that aims to restore vision and prevent further loss of vision. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]