Presentation
Unfortunately, on the 10 th day of therapy, she presented with features of sepsis and died before further diagnostic investigations could be conducted. [annalsafrmed.org]
Other than ulceration, enlarged lymph nodes in the groin area may be present, along with blisters and sores. [bio.libretexts.org]
The diagnosis may be difficult, as its presentation varies and histopathological findings may resemble other conditions. [mdedge.com]
Furthermore, none of the control group presented with oral or genital ulcers. [jamanetwork.com]
Lupus vulgaris of the glans penis: a rare presentation. Indian Dermatol Online J 2014 ; 5: 309 – 311. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline 7. Ramesh, V, Ramam, M, Pahwa, P The clinical presentations of penile tuberculosis. [journals.sagepub.com]
Immune System
- Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Examination revealed exudative tonsillitis and cervical lymphadenopathy; the ulcers were granulating and less tender. Her Monospot, EBV VCA IgG and IgM, and anti-EA (1:40) were positive; EBNA was negative. [nature.com]
Entire Body System
- Malaise
A review of systems should include: Systemic symptoms (fever, malaise, headache, GI symptoms, respiratory symptoms, myalgia) Oral ulcers, skin lesions, ocular symptoms. A family history of autoimmune disorders should be determined. [rch.org.au]
With the first clinical episode, constitutional symptoms are more likely to be present (fever, headache, myalgias, and malaise). [cancertherapyadvisor.com]
[…] superficial circular ulcers on an erythematous base Smooth margin and base Enlarged, nonfluctuant and tender inguinal lymph nodes most common in primary infection Ulcers usually painful and/or pruritic Genital pain Constitutional symptoms, such as fever, malaise [canada.ca]
With viremia a component in the pathophysiology of the primary herpes simplex virus infection, nonspecific complaints of fever, malaise, headache and photophobia may be documented. [antimicrobe.org]
- Recurrent Infection
HSV2 infection (genital herpes) is characterized by primary and recurrent or repetitive infections. [dovemed.com]
Respiratoric
- Aspiration
Lymphogranuloma venereum erythromycin PO: 1 g 2 times daily or 500 mg 4 times daily for 14 days or doxycycline PO: 100 mg 2 times daily for 14 days Fluctuant lymph nodes may be aspirated through healthy skin as required. [medicalguidelines.msf.org]
Labs Herpes Simplex Virus Testing HSV PCR from ulcer scraping or vessicle aspirate (preferred obver HSV culture) HSV Serology (type specific) Chancroid testing (if high Incidence in community) Outside the U.S., PCR testing may be available, which is much [fpnotebook.com]
Painful, unilateral, inguinal adenitis occurs in one-half of patients with chancroid and may develop into buboes. 19, 20 Fluctuant buboes may rupture spontaneously if not aspirated or incised and drained. [aafp.org]
The test specimen is taken from the lesion or aspirated from a lymph node Herpes simplex virus (HSV): It is usually clinically diagnosed based on the characteristic signs and symptoms Sometimes, a culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test of the [dovemed.com]
Repetitive aspiration may reduce the incidence of rupture and secondary bacterial infection. [antimicrobe.org]
Skin
- Female Genital Ulcer
It is imperative that NSTD should be included in the differential diagnoses of female genital ulcers. [scielo.br]
Musculoskeletal
- Osteoporosis
If untreated, leg and foot ulcers can lead to: Infection Having a foot or part of your leg removed (sometimes a problem with diabetic ulcers) Osteoporosis (when your bones become weak and easily break in a fall) Continued Bedsores Also called pressure [webmd.com]
Urogenital
- Vaginal Discharge
Urethritis (urethral discharge) may be seen in male patients and cervicitis (leading to vaginal discharge) may be present in female patients. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]
In women, the lesions may be visible outside the vagina, but they commonly occur inside the vagina where they can cause discomfort or vaginal discharge and may not be seen except during a doctor's examination. [emedicinehealth.com]
Other symptoms of yeast infections include: burning during sex and urination itching increased vaginal discharge 3. [healthline.com]
- Dyspareunia
[…] perineum Pain that may or may not be associated with burning sensation Abnormal discharge (may have a foul smell) Itching Blister formation Dysuria - pain during urination Swelling of the testicles Lesion or rash at the opening (urethra) of the penis Dyspareunia [dovemed.com]
Workup
Microbiology
- Treponema Pallidum
Overview One-tube multiplex for detection of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2; Treponema pallidum and internal control Principle Multiplex real-time PCR for detection of pathogen genes by TaqMan ® technology Targets One tube multiplex PCR: herpes simplex [fast-trackdiagnostics.com]
A multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to detect Treponema pallidum, Herpes simplex and Haemophilus ducreyi. [researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk]
Direct immunofluorescence detection on genital ulcer scraping was negative for Chlamydia trachomatis and Treponema pallidum. [journals.athmsi.org]
Explore these free sample topics: -- The first section of this topic is shown below -- PATHOGENS Common: Herpes simplex virus Treponema pallidum (primary syphilis or chancre) Haemophilus ducreyi ( chancroid ) Chlamydia trachomatis L1, L2 and L3 serovars [hopkinsguides.com]
Among the most common are Herpes simplex virus (HSV), the genital herpes agent; Treponema pallidum, that causes syphilis; Chlamydia trachomatis, the cause of chlamydia; and Haemophilus ducreyi, the chancroid agent. [bio.libretexts.org]
- Chlamydia Trachomatis
Direct immunofluorescence detection on genital ulcer scraping was negative for Chlamydia trachomatis and Treponema pallidum. [journals.athmsi.org]
Explore these free sample topics: -- The first section of this topic is shown below -- PATHOGENS Common: Herpes simplex virus Treponema pallidum (primary syphilis or chancre) Haemophilus ducreyi ( chancroid ) Chlamydia trachomatis L1, L2 and L3 serovars [hopkinsguides.com]
Among the most common are Herpes simplex virus (HSV), the genital herpes agent; Treponema pallidum, that causes syphilis; Chlamydia trachomatis, the cause of chlamydia; and Haemophilus ducreyi, the chancroid agent. [bio.libretexts.org]
Less frequent infectious causes include chancroid ( Haemophilus ducreyi ), lymphogranuloma venereum ( Chlamydia trachomatis, serovars L1-3 ), and granuloma inguinale (Calymmatobacterium granulomatis). [mdmag.com]
Chlamydia trachomatis (lymphogranuloma venereum) and Calymmatobacterium granulomatis (donovanosis) are less frequent. [medicalguidelines.msf.org]
Colonoscopy
- Multiple Ulcerations
Abstract We report a 45-year-old, apparently healthy sero-negative man, presenting with multiple ulcers on the glans penis for a duration of three months. There was no significant inguinal lymphadenopathy. [journals.sagepub.com]
Small lesions may coalesce into larger ulcers. Ulcers are superficial, nonindurated with erythematous edges and often exist as a cluster of multiple ulcers. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]
Treatment
[…] episodic treatment during clinically-apparent genital ulcerations. [clinicaltrials.gov]
[…] lack of response to high dose long term prednisolone treatment. [ard.bmj.com]
Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials of any treatment intervention aimed at curing genital ulcer disease compared with an alternative treatment, placebo, or no treatment. [cochrane.org]
treatment are now very clear. [journals.lww.com]
In areas where granuloma inguinale is also prevalent, treatment for this condition should be included. In areas where granuloma inguinale or lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is prevalent, treatment for these conditions should be included. [apps.who.int]
Prognosis
This case represents a rare differential diagnosis of genital ulceration, with an exuberant clinical presentation, often requiring hospitalisation for pain control and yet with good prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The prognosis is severe due to the ocular, neurological, and arterial involvement. [bmbtrj.org]
What Is the Prognosis for Genital Herpes? Treatment of genital herpes does not cure the disease. The virus usually lives (in an inactive form) in an infected person throughout their lifetime. [emedicinehealth.com]
Etiology
In general usage the term refers to genital ulcerations from a sexually transmitted disease (STD), which is the most common etiology; however, nonsexually acquired illnesses, including infectious (bacterial skin infections, fungi) or noninfectious etiologies [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]
Etiology of genital ulcer disease and association with HIV infection in Malawi. [tandfonline.com]
Then, in the absence of infectious etiology, probable diagnosis of Lipschutz ulcer was made, tablet prednisolone (30mg) and tablet dapsone (100 mg bd) [1] were started. After 1 month of follow-up, genital ulcers started healing [Figure 2]. [ijstd.org]
Etiology STIs For most young, sexually active patients with genital ulcer disease (GUD), etiology is related to an STI. Most often it is due to herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2 (HSV-1 or HSV-2), causing genital herpes. [canada.ca]
Epidemiology
To improve the outcome, treatment often starts before identification is complete, with medications chosen based on symptoms and epidemiological circumstances. [bio.libretexts.org]
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: epidemiology and prevention. Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Jul 1. 53(1):60-7. [Medline]. van Duin D, Bonomo RA. [medscape.com]
Procaine Ceftriaxone Erythromycin Tetracycline benzylpenicillin Tetracycline Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Penicillin allergy and non-pregnant Doxycycline Tetracycline The decision to treat for chancroid, granuloma inguinale or LGV depends on the local epidemiology [apps.who.int]
The clinician should choose the presumptive treatment on the basis of clinical presentation (i.e., HSV lesions begin as vesicles and primary syphilis as a papule) and epidemiologic circumstances (e.g., high incidence of disease among populations and communities [cdc.gov]
Robertson Professor of Reproductive Epidemiology at the School of Public Health. For the study, Dr. Gray and his colleagues studied 248 adults who recently acquired HIV and a control group of 496 HIV-negative adults, all living in Rakia, Uganda. [jhsph.edu]
Pathophysiology
With viremia a component in the pathophysiology of the primary herpes simplex virus infection, nonspecific complaints of fever, malaise, headache and photophobia may be documented. [antimicrobe.org]
Prevention
Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control Prevention, Sexually transmitted disease surveillance, 1996, 1997 Atlanta CDC 2. [academic.oup.com]
C 15, 16 Prevention Avoiding sexual intercourse during outbreaks does not prevent transmission of HSV infection. [aafp.org]
Conclusion Our findings emphasise the importance of HIV testing and retesting and strengthening STI/HIV prevention programs for men in South Africa, particularly HIV negative youth that may benefit from prevention services. [tandfonline.com]
The researchers suggest that suppressing HSV-2 and genital ulcer disease could be an important element in treating HIV and preventing transmission to partners. [jhsph.edu]
Preventive Services Task Force recommends that healthcare providers routinely screen all sexually-active individuals for HSV infections Male condoms or female condoms prevent STIs to a certain extent. [dovemed.com]