Presentation
We present a case of H. parainfluenzae complicating pregnancy in the second trimester. Predisposing factors for infection with Haemophilus species and Australasian data on invasive neonatal Haemophilus infections are presented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Nuchal rigidity was not present. Kernig and Brudzinski signs were negative. [journals.sagepub.com]
Five substitutions were present in all the strains [S385T, I442F, V511A, N526K and V562I], while three additional changes [K276N, A307N and V329I] were only present in HUB12435, HUB12445 and HUB12640. [nature.com]
Entire Body System
- Sepsis
We describe a seriously ill, very low birth weight (VLBW) infant with documented early onset sepsis caused by H. parainfluenzae. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Bacteriological studies showed sepsis and allowed the isolation of Actinomyces odontolyticus and Abiotrophia species as causative agents. [signavitae.com]
[…] species that has been associated with human infection, including cases of endocarditis Haemophilus parainfluenzae A species that normally colonizes the human respiratory tract and sometimes causes serious infections, including abscesses, endocarditis, and sepsis [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
- Chills
All presented with fever, chills and malaise of less than two weeks' duration. Mitral valve involvement led to congestive heart failure in two of three cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
His complaint of neck pain associated with intermittent fever and chills was initially concerning for meningitis; therefore, after obtaining a cranial computed tomography (CT) scan, a lumbar puncture was performed. [journals.sagepub.com]
[…] in Spain, with no previous pathologies of interest nor recent trips, that was seen at our centre presenting a 4-day history consisting of colic-like abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea with no pathological products, accompanied by a high fever and chills [elsevier.es]
[…] u enzae, Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus anginosus represent a part of normal oropharyngeal flora and may cause abscesses or sepsis under certain circumstances. (1-4) Case report A 78-year-old woman presented with high fever up to 41 °C, chills [signavitae.com]
- Recurrent Infection
Almost 26 % of the patients with sarcoidosis showed recurrent infections in childhood and had other symptoms such as anaemia, celiac disease, or endocrinological disorders. [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]
Respiratoric
- Sputum
H. influenzae was isolated from purulent sputum of eight patients before the start of treatment. Ampicillin was more effective than erythromycin at clearing H. influenzae from sputum and in decreasing purulence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
In contrast, H. parainfluenzae was isolated with equal frequency from sputums of patients with mild (40%) or severe (43%) disease. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Quantitative sputum culture4 revealed a pure growth ofH parainfluenzae at a concentration of 2.2 × 108 colony forming units/ml. [thorax.bmj.com]
Workup
Initially, the systolic murmur heard on exam was not the focus of the diagnostic workup given that his symptoms were highly suggestive of meningitis. Mitral valve perforation and vegetation were eventually discovered via TEE. [journals.sagepub.com]
Microbiology
- Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Purulent pericarditis is most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae. The number of H. parainfluenzae infections has been increasing; in rare cases, it has caused endocarditis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains occur frequently in elderly patients in Japan. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46 : 3311 -3315. [aac.asm.org]
pneumoniae with human respiratory mucosa. [resmedjournal.com]
Infection of the psoas muscle secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Clin. Infect. Dis. 15 (1992) 1047–1048. Google Scholar 11. Davies, D., King, S. M., Parekh, R. S., D'Angelo, G. Psoas abscess caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b. [link.springer.com]
- Staphylococcus Aureus
Purulent pericarditis is most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae. The number of H. parainfluenzae infections has been increasing; in rare cases, it has caused endocarditis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Despite stenting of the bile duct stricture, the patient acquired multiple infections (recurrent cholangitis and urinary tract infection) with different bacterial strains, including Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin [jcm.asm.org]
These species included Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Haemophilus influenzae, Legionella pneumophila, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes. [phe-culturecollections.org.uk]
Biopsy
- Liver Biopsy
Three weeks after the last infection, liver enzyme levels increased and a liver biopsy was performed, revealing graft rejection. [jcm.asm.org]
The clinical sources of the 40 isolates were as follows: genital mucosae (11), urine (11), respiratory secretions (6), peritoneal fluid (5), blood (2) and one each from conjunctiva, biliary fluid, pericardial fluid, abscess and liver biopsy. [academic.oup.com]
Treatment
This report is unique in that it documents successful treatment with a cephalosporin and what is, to our knowledge, the third reported case of a beta-lactamase producing H. parainfluenzae causing endocarditis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
In a series of 57 cases of A actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis, poor dentition (46%) and abnormal cardiac valves (60%) were found to be predisposing factors. [12] Prognosis The prognosis is quite variable, depending on many factors, such as delay in [emedicine.medscape.com]
Etiology
Although the facts suggest that this case of urethritis may have been caused by H. parainfluenzae, a possible etiologic role of other microorganisms is not ruled out. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Overall, these organisms are the leading cause of exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and the second most common etiology of acute otitis media and sinusitis. [encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com]
Establishing diagnosis of Haemophilus parainfluenzae as etiology of culture-negative endocarditis using DNA sequence analysis on tissue specimen. Am J Med. 2011 ;124: e9 - e10. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI 9. Brouqui, P, Raoult, D. [journals.sagepub.com]
Epidemiology
Abstract This study was undertaken to characterize serial Haemophilus parainfluenzae strains from epidemiologically unrelated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and from healthy carriers. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
A. et al.: Epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory bacterial pathogens in children and adults: crosssectional surveys in a population with high rates of pneumococcal disease. BMC Infect. Dis. 10, 2010. 31. [content.sciendo.com]
A. et al.: Epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory bacterial pathogens in children and adults: crosssectional surveys in a population with high rates of pneumococcal disease. BMC Infect. Dis. 10, 2010.Google Scholar 31. [degruyter.com]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology When introduced into healthy tissue, the HACEK group organisms have the potential for abscess formation and invasive disease. [emedicine.medscape.com]
The human microbiota has multidirectional effects on the host’s health and changes in its composition may have important consequences for human pathophysiology and disease development [5, 7, 8, 34]. [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]
Prevention
We report a rare case of tricuspid valve and pacemaker endocarditis caused by this organism and explore factors related to etiopathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
2017/1/2/49/217799 Introduction Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an uncommon clinical entity, which requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent unwanted outcomes. [ljmsonline.com]
To prevent a further infection in that critical situation, we treated the patient with fleroxacin, although the susceptibility profile of the isolated strain indicated no resistance to any of the tested agents, including amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aminopenicillin [jcm.asm.org]