Presentation
Presentation of results We followed the PRISMA‐NMA statement while reporting (Hutton 2015). We presented the effect estimates with 95% CrI for each pairwise comparison calculated from the direct comparisons and network meta‐analysis. [cochranelibrary.com]
Entire Body System
- Ascites
Incidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of the hepatorrenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascites. Gastroenterology 1993;105:229-36. Bañares R, Albillos A, Rincón D, et al. [sapd.es]
Based on the cointerventions (for example, both groups receive prophylactic antibiotics to decrease the risk of subacute bacterial peritonitis in people with low‐protein ascites). [cochranelibrary.com]
Liver, Gall & Pancreas
- Jaundice
Some of the clinical features of decompensation include jaundice, coagulopathy, ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and renal failure (de Franchis 2015; McPherson 2016; EASL 2018). [cochranelibrary.com]
Neurologic
- Encephalopathy
Some of the clinical features of decompensation include jaundice, coagulopathy, ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and renal failure (de Franchis 2015; McPherson 2016; EASL 2018). [cochranelibrary.com]
- Confusion
There was also evidence of heterogeneity (called inconsistency in the GRADE system; not to be confused with inconsistency in direct and indirect estimates in the context of network meta‐analysis) for serious adverse events (number of participants), and [cochranelibrary.com]
Workup
X-Ray
- Gastric Varices
We included trials in which people with oesophageal varices also had gastric varices, but we did not include trials in which the treatment was targeted at the gastric varices, rather than oesophageal varices. [cochranelibrary.com]
Treatment
Endoscopio treatment versus endoscopio plus pharmacologic treatment for acute varicel bleeding: a meta-analysis. Hepatology 2002;35:609-615. Villanueva C, Ortiz J, Sabat M, et al. [sapd.es]
[…] of treatment (Zou 2019). [cochranelibrary.com]
Prognosis
Incidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of the hepatorrenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascites. Gastroenterology 1993;105:229-36. Bañares R, Albillos A, Rincón D, et al. [sapd.es]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of oesophageal varices In addition to causing arterial vasodilation of the splanchnic circulation (dilation of the blood vessels supplying the digestive organs in the abdomen such as liver, pancreas, spleen, and intestines) (Gines 2009 [cochranelibrary.com]
Prevention
Combination endoscopic and drug therapy to prevent variceal rebleeding in cirrhosis. Ann Intern Med 2008;149:109-22. [sapd.es]
Prophylactic broad‐spectrum antibiotic therapy and prophylaxis for hepatic encephalopathy (for example, antibiotic and lactulose used concurrently) are also often used as supportive treatments to prevent complications in the management of people with [cochranelibrary.com]