Presentation
Such acute presentations occur infrequently. 14, 17 Cornips et al. 17 identified an acute presentation with myelopathy in approximately 4% of their HTD series: 5 of the 8 patients with acute presentation had multiple-level HTDs, all HTDs were located [thejns.org]
Babinski's sign was present on the left side and equivocal on the right side. [jamanetwork.com]
Galtier et al 17 presented a 6-case series where the time to diagnosis varied between 3 days and 2 years. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
This is a general catch-all for spinal conditions that could present at any part of your spine. [spinalsurgeonsydney.com.au]
Entire Body System
- Weakness
Physical examination showed mild left leg weakness and a wide-based, unsteady gait. Deep-tendon reflexes in the lower extremities were brisk and symmetric. Babinski's sign was present on the left side and equivocal on the right side. [jamanetwork.com]
Sensory disturbances like overactive reflexes, numbness, balance problems, difficulty walking, lower extremity weakness or bladder/bowel dysfunction may indicate a more serious problem Instead of or in addition to a thoracic herniated disc, there may [info.illinoisbackpain.com]
Numbness of the fourth and fifth fingers or weakness of intrinsic muscles in the hand are accompanying symptoms with C8 and T1 radiculopathy. Cubital tunnel syndrome and Guyon's tunnel syndrome may mimic the symptoms of T1 radiculopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The symptoms of nerve compression are shooting pains with numbness, tingling and weakness your arms or legs. [spinalsurgeonsydney.com.au]
The patient (case 4) was a 67-year-old woman, who had low-back pain, numbness, and weakness in her trunk and lower limbs for eight years. [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]
- Surgical Procedure
The open surgical procedure, known as a thoracotomy, sounds like something out of a medieval torture chamber or the Mel Gibson movie "Braveheart." [espn.com]
Accordingly, thoracotomy procedures carried increased risk of surgical morbidity. [thejns.org]
This does not mean that the surgical procedure was ineffective. Using the JOA score, sensory function was the most resistant to improvement. [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]
- Severe Pain
It consists of an usually minor painful intervertebral dysfunction (most frequent in T11 to T12 or T12 to L1), although according to Maigne, disk herniation or another severe condition ( e.g., myeloma, metastasis) may occasionally be involved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
They can range from little or no pain, if the disc is the only tissue injured, to severe and unrelenting neck pain or low back pain that radiates into regions served by nerve roots which have been irritated or impinged by the herniated material. [en.wikipedia.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Abdominal Pain
Discussion An abdominal wall source can be found in 30% of cases of chronic abdominal pain. 7 Cyriax was the first one to describe abdominal pain of nonvisceral origin and to postulate that nonvisceral abdominal pain could affect many patients. 8 However [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Musculoskeletal
- Back Pain
At some point you may develop dull upper back pain, which can extend into the neck or the lower back, which may be either constant or intermittent. Pain may become sharper when coughing or sneezing. [info.illinoisbackpain.com]
Overcoming Back and Neck Pain. Harvest House. p. 37. ^ Marrone, Lisa (2008). Overcoming Back and Neck Pain. Harvest House. p. 31. ^ Leung VY, Chan D, Cheung KM (Aug 2006). [en.wikipedia.org]
—This previously healthy 55-year-old man visited a chiropractor with a complaint of low back pain. [jamanetwork.com]
Damage to the spine by rheumatoid arthritis leads to neck or back pain and sometimes to nerve or spinal cord compression. The symptoms of nerve compression are shooting pains with numbness, tingling and weakness your arms or legs. [spinalsurgeonsydney.com.au]
The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy 1980 ;66:271–3. Medline, Google Scholar [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]
Urogenital
- Incontinence
Seventeen patients (30%) presented with bowel/bladder incontinence. [thejns.org]
Smaller spine procedures such as endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy can not cause failed back syndrome, because no bone is removed. [50] The presence of cauda equina syndrome (in which there is incontinence, weakness, and genital numbness) is [en.wikipedia.org]
[…] stairs 2 Capable of fast walking but clumsily 3 Normal 4 Sensory function Lower extremity Apparent sensory loss 0 Minimal sensory loss 1 Normal 2 Trunk Apparent sensory loss 0 Minimal sensory loss 1 Normal 2 Bladder function Urinary retention and/or incontinence [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]
- Urinary Retention
retention and/or incontinence 0 Sense of retention and/or dribbling and/or thin stream 1 Urinary delay and/or polyuria 2 Normal 3 Table III. [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]
Neurologic
- Radiculopathy
T1 radiculopathy may be accompanied by C8 radiculopathy symptoms. Numbness of the fourth and fifth fingers or weakness of intrinsic muscles in the hand are accompanying symptoms with C8 and T1 radiculopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Results Symptomatology The most common presenting symptom was myelopathy (46 patients [82%]), followed by radiculopathy (36 patients [63%]). Twenty-four (43%) of these patients had varying degrees of both myelopathy and radiculopathy. [thejns.org]
"Conservative management of lumbar disc herniation with associated radiculopathy: a systematic review". Spine. 35 (11): E488–504. doi : 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181cc3f56. PMID 20421859. ^ Snelling N (2006). [en.wikipedia.org]
- Paresthesia
Aggressive rotatory and hyperextensional manipulation of the entire spine was performed, immediately following which he noted the onset of numbness and paresthesias in both feet. [jamanetwork.com]
Paresthesia at a certain point in the evolution of their condition was reported by 61.11% of the patients, depending on the location of the herniation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Symptoms may include sensory changes such as numbness, tingling, paresthesia, and motor changes such as muscular weakness, paralysis, and affection of reflexes. [en.wikipedia.org]
- Tingling
Besides dull pain, many patients experience, burning sensations, shooting pain, tingling, prickling or even a feeling like electric shock. [info.illinoisbackpain.com]
The symptoms of nerve compression are shooting pains with numbness, tingling and weakness your arms or legs. [spinalsurgeonsydney.com.au]
Symptoms may include sensory changes such as numbness, tingling, paresthesia, and motor changes such as muscular weakness, paralysis, and affection of reflexes. [en.wikipedia.org]
- Cervical Radiculopathy
Conclusion T1-2 level thoracic disc herniation can accompany with cervical region problems and some syndromes can mimic Th1 radiculopathy symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Radiculitis
"Chemical radiculitis". Pain. 127 (1–2): 11–6. doi : 10.1016/j.pain.2006.06.034. PMID 16963186. ^ Marshall LL, Trethewie ER (Aug 1973). "Chemical irritation of nerve-root in disc prolapse". Lancet. 2 (7824): 320. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(73)90818-0. [en.wikipedia.org]
Treatment
The consultation can help determine if you’re a candidate for non-invasive Functional Disc Rehydration TM or other natural treatments. Functional Disc Rehydration TM is an innovative, proven treatment developed by Dr. [info.illinoisbackpain.com]
Treatment Treatment is based on the severity of symptoms and may include exercises, medication, injection of cortisone and very occasionally surgery. [spinalsurgeonsydney.com.au]
Clinical manifestations and surgical treatment. [thejns.org]
The second step for thoracic radiculopathy not responding to conservative treatment modalities is surgical treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
The role of surgery in metastatic disease is to control the spinal tumour and prevent paralysis, but surgery cannot improve the overall prognosis. The role of the surgeon is as part of a team that includes radiation and medical cancer specialists. [spinalsurgeonsydney.com.au]
[…] significant negative correlations between the clinical outcome and the duration of symptoms. 29 They also reported 33 patients with thoracic disc herniation which had been treated by a trans-thoracic approach and concluded that the indicators of a poor prognosis [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]
"Natural course and prognosis of intervertebral disc diseases. International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine Seattle, Washington, June 1994". Spine. 20 (6): 635–9. doi : 10.1097/00007632-199503150-00001. PMID 7604337. ^ Hsu, Wellington K. [en.wikipedia.org]
Etiology
Three of these patients (16.66%) had undergone surgical interventions because of different suspected etiologies (oophorectomy, adrenalectomy, and umbilical hernia repair). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
Epidemiology [ edit ] Disc herniation can occur in any disc in the spine, but the two most common forms are lumbar disc herniation and cervical disc herniation. [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology [ edit ] The majority of spinal disc herniations occur in the lumbar spine (95% at L4–L5 or L5–S1). [12] The second most common site is the cervical region (C5–C6, C6–C7). The thoracic region accounts for only 1–2% of cases. [en.wikipedia.org]
Prevention
Prevention [ edit ] Because there are various causes of back injuries, prevention must be comprehensive. [en.wikipedia.org]
The role of surgery in metastatic disease is to control the spinal tumour and prevent paralysis, but surgery cannot improve the overall prognosis. The role of the surgeon is as part of a team that includes radiation and medical cancer specialists. [spinalsurgeonsydney.com.au]