Presentation
Hypergranulosis and koilocytosis were also present. Immunohistochemical studies indicated p16 and p53 immunoexpression in the areas with cellular atypia and koilocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
When the body isn’t able to fight off HPV, symptoms can present as genital warts. [healthline.com]
Presented in part: 22nd International Papillomavirus Conference, Vancouver, 30 April–6 May 2005 (abstract P-323). [doi.org]
Entire Body System
- Pain
There may be chronic pain, itching, or there may be a lump. Throat cancer might cause a sore throat, ear pain that doesn’t go away, constant coughing, pain or trouble swallowing or breathing, weight loss, or a lump or mass in your neck. [plannedparenthood.org]
Signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer include: Persistent sore throat, hoarseness, or coughing Persistent ear pain Pain while chewing or swallowing Weight loss A lump in the neck Difficulty opening the mouth fully Change in voice According to the [everydayhealth.com]
Mild to moderate side effects can include: pain or swelling at the injection site slight fever headache fatigue muscle pain joint pain fainting nausea vomiting pain in the abdomen diarrhea If you get the vaccine and have any of these side effects or other [healthline.com]
In addition to the distressing medical aspects of HPV infection, sometimes including lengthy and painful treatments, symptom recurrence, a lack of a definitive cure, and its potential for malignant transformation, HPV also results in significant emotional [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
There are usually no symptoms, but some people may notice: bleeding after sex pain during sex abnormal period, vaginal bleeding or discharge pain in the pelvis. [health.gov.au]
- Inflammation
Other risk factors besides smoking that elevate the risk of cancer among HPV-infected women include multiple childbirths, long term oral contraceptive use and possibly chronic inflammation. [healio.com]
[…] oropharyngeal cancer ) Having a weakened immune system Having many children (for increased risk of cervical cancer ) Long-term oral contraceptive use (for increased risk of cervical cancer) Poor oral hygiene (for increased risk of oropharyngeal cancer) Chronic inflammation [web.archive.org]
An association of cervical inflammation with high-grade cervical neoplasia in women infected with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001. 10: 1021 – 1027. [Google Scholar] Giuliano, A. R. [archivesofpathology.org]
- Weight Loss
Throat cancer might cause a sore throat, ear pain that doesn’t go away, constant coughing, pain or trouble swallowing or breathing, weight loss, or a lump or mass in your neck. If you develop any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away. [plannedparenthood.org]
Signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer include: Persistent sore throat, hoarseness, or coughing Persistent ear pain Pain while chewing or swallowing Weight loss A lump in the neck Difficulty opening the mouth fully Change in voice According to the [everydayhealth.com]
loss, loss of appetite; vaginal discomfort or odourous discharge; and a single swollen leg. [web.archive.org]
As cervical cancer advances, more severe symptoms may appear including: Persistent back, leg and/or pelvic pain; Weight loss, fatigue, loss of appetite; Foul-smell discharge and vaginal discomfort; and Swelling of a leg or both lower extremities. [who.int]
loss, loss of appetite; a single swollen leg. [aimu.us]
- Severe Pain
Few subjects (1.3% in the vaccine group and 1.0% in the placebo group) reported that this pain was “severe.” [nejm.org]
Among women who have colposcopy with biopsy, about 28% report moderate or more severe pain and 22% report postprocedure bleeding of at least moderate severity ( 12 ). Cervical treatment harms vary depending on treatment type. [doi.org]
The majority of injection-site adverse experiences reported among recipients of quadrivalent HPV vaccine were mild to moderate in intensity; only 2.8%, 2.0%, and 0.9% of vaccinees reported severe pain, swelling, or erythema, respectively. [web.archive.org]
- Dentist
But because such tests are not done routinely by doctors or dentists, oropharyngeal cancers caused by HPV are generally discovered when they cause symptoms. [everydayhealth.com]
Oropharyngeal carcinoma: what the dentist should know. SADJ 2012;67:570-2. [ Links ] 26. Graham DM, Isaranuwatchai W, Habbous S, et al. [scielo.org.za]
A dentist or doctor should evaluate any symptoms that you are concerned with, and certainly anything that has persisted for two or more weeks. [oralcancerfoundation.org]
Respiratoric
- Pharyngitis
Petroleum exposure may be associated with pharyngeal cancer, but the relationship has not been proven. [web.archive.org]
Brenner, Differences in incidence and survival of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers between Germany and the United States depend on the HPV-association of the cancer site, Oral Oncology, 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.11.015, 76, (8-15), (2018). [doi.org]
Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Puerto Rico and among Non-Hispanics Whites, Non-Hispanics blacks, and Hispanics and in the USA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Cough
She presented with coughing while eating and drinking. Gastroscopy showed yellow nodules in the esophagus, and endoscopic ultrasonography showed a space-occupying lesion in the substratum of the esophageal mucosa. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Generally, preteens receive HPV vaccine at the same time as whooping cough and meningitis vaccines. [web.archive.org]
Throat cancer might cause a sore throat, ear pain that doesn’t go away, constant coughing, pain or trouble swallowing or breathing, weight loss, or a lump or mass in your neck. If you develop any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away. [plannedparenthood.org]
- Sore Throat
Throat cancer might cause a sore throat, ear pain that doesn’t go away, constant coughing, pain or trouble swallowing or breathing, weight loss, or a lump or mass in your neck. If you develop any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away. [plannedparenthood.org]
Signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer include: Persistent sore throat, hoarseness, or coughing Persistent ear pain Pain while chewing or swallowing Weight loss A lump in the neck Difficulty opening the mouth fully Change in voice According to the [everydayhealth.com]
When looking in the mouth, tonsils on both sides should be symmetrical in size Pain when chewing A persistent sore throat or hoarse voice A swelling or lump in the mouth A painless lump felt on the outside of the neck, which has been there for at least [oralcancerfoundation.org]
Signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer may include persistent sore throat, earaches, hoarseness, enlarged lymph nodes, pain when swallowing, and unexplained weight loss. However, some people may not have these signs or symptoms (9). [nccid.ca]
Gastrointestinal
- Abdominal Pain
pain, infertility, dyspareunia, polymenorrhagia/menorrhagia, amenorrhea and others. [journals.plos.org]
Musculoskeletal
- Osteoporosis
It can cause hormone imbalance, which can raise the risk of diseases such as osteoporosis, heart disease, and certain cancers. It can affect a woman's ability to get pregnant. [nlm.nih.gov]
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Women on hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms and prevention of osteoporosis are eligible to donate. [web.archive.org]
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Women on hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms and prevention of osteoporosis are eligible to donate. Hypertension, High Blood Pressure See "Blood Pressure, High" section above. [redcrossblood.org]
Hong-Mo Shih, Tai-Yi Hsu, Chih-Yu Chen, Cheng-Li Lin, Chia-Hung Kao, Chao-Hsien Chen, Tse-Yen Yang, Wei-Kung Chen and Anil Kumar Tyagi, Analysis of Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection and the Subsequent Risk of Developing Osteoporosis after Eradication [dx.doi.org]
Skin
- Ulcer
[…] of genital ulcers. [web.archive.org]
HSV may be the cause of the patient’s labial ulcers; however, infection with HSV would not explain the cytologic changes described. Advertisement [pathologyoutlines.com]
[…] needed only under certain circumstances, such as when the diagnosis is uncertain, the lesions do not respond to standard therapy, the disease worsens during treatment, the patient is immunocompromised, or the warts are pigmented, indurated, fixed, and ulcerated [clinicaladvisor.com]
Neurologic
- Irritability
Repeated irritation of the soft tissues from a compromised occlusion is an aggravating factor for the spread of these lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
However, they may cause irritation and discomfort, and you can pass the HPV that caused them to other people. If you think you have genital warts, it’s important to get checked out right away. [plannedparenthood.org]
Irritation is a common side effect of this treatment, and usually means that the treatment is working. If you're pregnant, talk with your doctor before using an acid solution. Duct tape. [web.archive.org]
Transmission occurs more easily in the presence of irritated skin, as often occurs with penetrative sex (Stein, 1999). [cancer-network.org]
[…] múltiple A02 Escalofríos A03 Fiebre A04 Astenia/cansancio/debilidad A05 Sensación de enfermedad A06 Desmayo/síncope A07 Coma A08 Inflamación A09 Problemas de sudoración A10 Sangrado/hemorragia NE A11 Dolor torácico NE A13 Miedo al tratamiento A16 Lactante irritable [iqb.es]
- Neglect
Hotez and Ken Alibek, Central Asia's Hidden Burden of Neglected Tropical Diseases, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 5, 9, (e1224), (2011). [dx.doi.org]
Despite some promising research in the early twentieth century the viral model of cancer aetiology was largely neglected until the discovery of links between viruses and some of the rarer cancers in the 1960s ( Lowy 2010 ), pp. 137–8). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Urogenital
- Genital Lesions
Efficacy of Quadrivalent Vaccine Efficacy against External Genital Lesions in the Per-Protocol Population. [nejm.org]
METHODS: 14 men and eight women with genital warts had cytobrush samples taken from genital lesions, finger tips, and tips of finger nails. Samples were examined for the presence of HPV DNA by the polymerase chain reaction. [doi.org]
HPV-related external genital lesions (EGLs) consist of two categories: condyloma (genital warts) and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). [grantome.com]
An infection is considered subclinical when there is no evidence of genital lesions or squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). [clinicaladvisor.com]
Low-risk types (especially HPV -6 and HPV -11 ) can cause benign anogenital warts ( condylomata acuminata ) and papillomatous nodules in other genital (e.g., squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix ) or non-genital (e.g., oral warts, respiratory [amboss.com]
Workup
For women with minor abnormalities on their Pap test, doctors use the HPV test to determine if they have a high-risk HPV infection and need further workup such as a colposcopy. [healthywomen.org]
[…] condylomata demonstrates acanthosis Bowenoid papulosis: Psoriasiform hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis, with increased mitotic figures at all epidermal levels and keratinocytes displaying enlarged pleomorphic and hyperchromic nuclei See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]
Treatment
Note: Pregnant women, or women trying to conceive, should consult closely with their doctor before starting treatment. HPV treatments can affect pregnancy, so doctors may want to delay treatment until after childbirth. [web.archive.org]
Treatment There is no ‘perfect’ treatment for HPV infection and not everyone requires treatment. The decision to treat genital warts should be made after discussion with your doctor about the advantages and disadvantages. [sahealth.sa.gov.au]
Genital warts can disappear on their own or with treatment, but a person may still have the virus in their body. Many people want to get treatment to make the visible warts go away. [smartsexresource.com]
Early treatment prevents up to 80% of cervical cancers in these countries. [who.int]
Prognosis
This is a more accurate way to describe the prognosis for patients with a particular type and stage of cancer. Five-year rates are used to produce a standard way to discuss prognosis, or outlook for survival. [web.archive.org]
However, in a prospective, population-based, observational study, the association between HPV status and prognosis strengthened after adjustment for potential confounders. 9 Indeed, tumor HPV status was as important to patient prognosis as tumor stage [doi.org]
Prognosis Prevention Education about possible risk factors and effective preventive measures, such as: HPV vaccinatio n : All boys and girls should be vaccinated at 11–12 years of age. [amboss.com]
The recognition that HPV-positive tumours are aetiologically distinct and have a better prognosis than HPV-negative tumours has led to the suggestion that treatment for each type could differ. [nccid.ca]
Etiology
[Indexed for MEDLINE] Free full text Publication type, MeSH terms, Substances, Grant support Publication type Case Reports MeSH terms Adult Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/chemistry Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology* Carcinoma, Squamous [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The potential etiologic role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oropharyngeal cancer is supported by a growing body of evidence. [web.archive.org]
A multifactorial etiology of the disease is likely with the microbiota of the vagina playing a role. [jcvi.org]
Epidemiology
Article Navigation Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Stomatology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco Reprints or correspondence: Dr. [doi.org]
Epidemiologic studies provide useful information regarding the magnitude of STD risk reduction associated with condom use. Extensive literature review confirms that the best epidemiologic studies of condom effectiveness address HIV infection. [cdc.gov]
Pathophysiology
[…] years: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytology cotesting every 5 years (preferred) or cytology alone every 3 years (acceptable) Over 65 years: no screening recommended if adequate prior screening has been negative and high risk factors are not present Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]
This risk window was based on the underlying pathophysiology and clinical manifestation of the autoimmune disorders studied, including their insidious onset; 29 the risk window used in studies of autoimmune disorders following use of other vaccines (Appendix [cmaj.ca]
Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology and pathophysiology. Gynecol Oncol. 2007; 107 :S2–S5. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 4. Weinstock H, Berman S, Cates W. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Pathophysiology [ edit ] Common warts have a characteristic appearance under the microscope. [en.wikipedia.org]
HPV is essential in the pathophysiology of pre-malignance cervical abnormalities and cervical cancer, conditions that are highly prevalent among women in all the world. Women with SLE present even higher risk of development HPV diseases. [ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com]
Prevention
Looking for a Less Expensive and More Comprehensive Approach to HPV Prevention To help bring down the cost of HPV prevention, researchers are working on finding a different way to attack it. [cancer.org]
An ideal strategy would combine a preventive and therapeutic vaccine. Another prevention strategy that is being explored is topical microbicides. [cancer.gov]
Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention Girls 9-14 years HPV vaccination Women 30 years old or older All women as needed Girls and boys, as appropriate Health information and warnings about tobacco use Sex education tailored to age [who.int]