Presentation
Suspected cases (n = 7 of 11) presented only with low scores (1–3 of 9), whereas birds with confirmed infections (n = 4 of 11) presented with both low (1–3 of 9, n = 2 of 4) and high (6–7 of 9, n = 2 of 4) total scores. [bioone.org]
In Europe, these diseases are present in all countries. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The global distribution and transmission limits of lymphatic filariasis: past and present. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7(1):466. CrossRef PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Cui YX, Guan JC, Xu XQ. Trichinellosis: a study of 38 cases. [link.springer.com]
Entire Body System
- Pain
Keywords Lymphatic Vessel Intermediate Host Spermatic Cord Infective Larva Muscular Pain These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. [link.springer.com]
- Fishing
Anisakis Nematodes in Fish and Shellfish- from infection to allergies. Aibinu IE, Smooker PM, Lopata AL. Aibinu IE, et al. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2019 Jun 6;9:384-393. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.04.007. eCollection 2019 Aug. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Inflammation
Anti-parasitic medications, such as albendazole or fenbendazole, together with anti-inflammatory medications, to help inflammation is the usual treatment of choice. [stortvet.com]
Respiratoric
- Pleural Effusion
Diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion caused by filariasis. J Clin Pneumotol. 2013;18(1):112,–113. Google Scholar Mendoza N, Li A, Gill A, et al. Filariasis: diagnosis and treatment. Dermatol Ther. 2009;22(6):475–90. [link.springer.com]
Musculoskeletal
- Torticollis
Clinical signs may include: behavioural changes torticollis (head tilt) circling seizures vertical nystagmus (eye flicking/twitching) swaying falling over paralysis ataxia (loss of co-ordination). [stortvet.com]
Neurologic
- Nystagmus
Clinical signs may include: behavioural changes torticollis (head tilt) circling seizures vertical nystagmus (eye flicking/twitching) swaying falling over paralysis ataxia (loss of co-ordination). [stortvet.com]
- Seizure
Clinical signs may include: behavioural changes torticollis (head tilt) circling seizures vertical nystagmus (eye flicking/twitching) swaying falling over paralysis ataxia (loss of co-ordination). [stortvet.com]
Workup
Pleura
- Pleural Effusion
Diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion caused by filariasis. J Clin Pneumotol. 2013;18(1):112,–113. Google Scholar Mendoza N, Li A, Gill A, et al. Filariasis: diagnosis and treatment. Dermatol Ther. 2009;22(6):475–90. [link.springer.com]
Treatment
Anti-parasitic medications, such as albendazole or fenbendazole, together with anti-inflammatory medications, to help inflammation is the usual treatment of choice. [stortvet.com]
Diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion caused by filariasis. J Clin Pneumotol. 2013;18(1):112,–113. Google Scholar Mendoza N, Li A, Gill A, et al. Filariasis: diagnosis and treatment. Dermatol Ther. 2009;22(6):475–90. [link.springer.com]
Follow-up evaluations after 6 mon of treatment with ivermectin and selamectin suggested complete recovery with lowered or normalized total scores. [bioone.org]
Epidemiology
Epidemiology and management of foodborne nematodiasis in the European Union, systematic review 2000-2016 Marta Serrano-Moliner et al. Pathog Glob Health. 2018 Jul. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention
Similar articles [Effect of comprehensive prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Runzhou District of Zhenjiang City]. Xia A, Tao HY, Zhao YM, Jiang J, Wang J, Mei J. Xia A, et al. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]