Presentation
Trauma-related superior orbital fissure syndrome often presents within 48 hours of a facial injury, but presentation can also be delayed by several days [8]. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Entire Body System
- Swelling
Surgical management in the non-urgent setting is performed at an average of 10.7 days due to concerns that early intervention is associated with increased swelling and ocular pressure [3]. [eyewiki.aao.org]
- Inflammation
Syndrome pain worsens with eye movement and may originate from periarterial inflammation [32][33]. [eyewiki.aao.org]
- Pain
Syndrome pain worsens with eye movement and may originate from periarterial inflammation [32][33]. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Musculoskeletal
- Fracture
Common associations are motorcycle accidents, zygomatic fractures and orbital fractures [7]. [eyewiki.aao.org]
- Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
Treatment of medial tibial stress syndrome: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2013 Dec;43(12):1315-33. Max Pietrzak. Diagnosis and management of acute medial tibial stress syndrome in a 15 year old female surf life-saving competitor. [danielebarnabei.it]
Face, Head & Neck
- Facial Pain
Facial pain: overlapping syndromes. Cephalagia. 2017;37(7):705-713. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.6 Chen CT, Chen YR. Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome: current management. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Neurologic
- Meningism
Chronic Syphilitic Meningitis Resulting in Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome and Posterior Fossa Gumma: A Report of Two Cases followed for 20 Years. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. 1988;8(3):145-56. ↑ Bikhazi NB, Sloan SH. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Treatment
Medial tibial stress syndrome: conservative treatment options. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2009 Oct 7;2(3):127-33. Stephen B Thacker, Julie Gilchrist, Donna F Stroup, C Dexter Kimsey. [danielebarnabei.it]
Conservative Treatment Conservative treatment through observation alone has been suggested due to the operative difficulty and risk of further injury from surgical exploration. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Prognosis
Complications and Prognosis No adverse effects from medical therapy with high dose steroids in this setting have been described [34]. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Etiology
Imaging studies play a role in confirming the diagnosis, and more importantly, give insight into underlying etiology. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Epidemiology
Raeder’s syndrome, also known as paratrigeminal oculosympathetic syndrome, is a rare disorder with very few epidemiological and case series studies available. [34] Table 1: Differentials for common misdiagnoses of superior orbital fissure syndrome Management [eyewiki.aao.org]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology Compression of structures in superior orbital fissure syndrome can be attributed to a bony fragment (such as with facial fractures) or mass effect. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Prevention
Effectiveness of foot orthoses for the prevention of lower limb overuse injuries in naval recruits: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports Med. 2018 Mar;52(5):298-302. H M Sommer, S W Vallentyne. [danielebarnabei.it]