Presentation
Case presentation A 28-year old G2P1001 at 31 weeks and 4 days gestation Spanish speaking Salvadoran patient presented to the emergency room with influenza like symptoms. History was attained through a telephone based interpreter service. [degruyter.com]
The clinical characteristics of rhinovirus prolonged and re-infections are presented in table 2. [erj.ersjournals.com]
However, until the present report, which includes positive bronchoalveolar cultures and lung immunohistochemistry, incontrovertible evidence of rhinoviral replication in the lung in the setting of spontaneous infection has been lacking. [atsjournals.org]
Transmission through direct and indirect contact also occurs and is most common via the hand-nose-hand route, followed by self-inoculation of nasal/conjunctival mucosa present on one's hands(8). INCUBATION PERIOD: Generally between 48-72 hours(8). [msdsonline.com]
Respiratory syncytial virus prevention and therapy: past, present, and future. Pediatric Pulmonology 20 Kneyber MC, Blusse van Oud-Alblas H et al. [lci.rivm.nl]
Entire Body System
- Swelling
It is not clear whether the opacification found on CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging are due to mucosal swelling or effusion/secretions. [atsjournals.org]
Eyes
- Lacrimation
Rhinovirus is not recognized to infect the conjunctiva, but is thought to be transported via the lacrimal duct to the nasal cavity under the inferior turbinate and then on to the nasopharynx. [atsjournals.org]
Neurologic
- Headache
Signs and Symptoms Rhinovirus can bring on all of the familiar symptoms of a cold: runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, headache, cough, and body aches. [intermountainhealthcare.org]
Symptoms of the common cold caused by the rhinovirus include sore throat, runny nose, coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, headaches, and body aches. Infants and children may develop fever, and otitis media. [health.hawaii.gov]
Symptoms usually include: Sore throat Runny nose Coughing Sneezing Headaches Body aches Most people recover within about seven to 10 days. [dhs.wisconsin.gov]
Her only complaint throughout the remainder of her admission was intermittent headaches. [degruyter.com]
A high fever, severe headache, rash, difficulty breathing, or chest pain suggests that the infection is not a simple cold. Laboratory tests are not usually needed to diagnose a cold. [msdmanuals.com]
- Irritability
Nonprescription Remedies for the Common Cold Action Drug Some Common Side Effects Analgesics/antipyretics Relieve aches and pains and reduce fever Acetaminophen Minimal Aspirin Stomach irritation Risk of Reye syndrome in children Ibuprofen Stomach irritation [msdmanuals.com]
Relief of Cough Cough in the early phase of the viral URI is initiated by irritant receptors of the vagal nerve in the upper airway. [atsjournals.org]
- Confusion
Cough suppressants May help reduce cough Benzonatate Confusion and stomach upset Codeine Constipation, drowsiness, difficulty urinating, and stomach upset Dextromethorphan Minimal, but at high doses, confusion, nervousness, and irritability Decongestants [msdmanuals.com]
The presence or absence of 13 symptoms were documented: cough, sputum production, shortness of breath, wheeze, coryza, fever, chest pain, muscle aching, headache, disturbed sleep, feeling generally unwell, interference with normal activities and confusion [erj.ersjournals.com]
Treatment
As with many other viruses, treatment for rhinovirus usually means managing the symptoms until the infection clears. (There’s no commonly used treatment that acts on this group of viruses.) [intermountainhealthcare.org]
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used as part of a panel of respiratory viruses There is no specific treatment for rhinovirus infections. [health.hawaii.gov]
This viewpoint allows us to look forward to the development of treatments for a virus for which treatment options are currently non-existent. [elsevier.com]
Unfortunately, treatment trials have been disappointing. [atsjournals.org]
SECTION IV - STABILITY AND VIABILITY DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: No single antiviral treatment is effective for Rhinovirus infections as there are a great number of different serotypes; however, a combined antiviral and antimediator treatment may be effective [msdsonline.com]
Etiology
Of the RV-positive cases, 13% had a higher probability (>75%) that RV was the cause of their pneumonia based on the PERCH integrated etiology analysis; 99% of these cases occurred in children over 12 months in Bangladesh. [mdpi.com]
Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in 254 hospitalized children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000;19:293–298. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Viral etiology of acute febrile respiratory illnesses in hospitalized children younger than 24 months. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2011;50:513-7. [ Links ] 26 Brand HK, de Groot R, Galama JM, Brouwer ML, Teuwen K, Hermans PW, et al. [scielo.isciii.es]
Viruses and bacteria in the etiology of the common cold. J Clin Microbiol 1998 ;36: 539 –542. Medline, Google Scholar 109. Hendley JO, Hayden FG, Winther B. [atsjournals.org]
Epidemiology
We evaluated RV epidemiology in HIV-uninfected children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls. [mdpi.com]
Epidemiological studies have shown that children under 7 years of age are more susceptible than adults, with almost all children having experienced this infection by the age of 2 years. Individuals with asthma are more susceptible to infection(10). [msdsonline.com]
Epidemiological and clinical study of viral respiratory tract infections in children from Italy. J Med Virol. 2009;81:750-6. [ Links ] 31 Jennings LC, Anderson TP, Beynon KA, Chua A, Laing RT, Werno AM, et al. [scielo.isciii.es]
Occurrence of groups A and B of respiratory syncytial virus over 15 years: associated epidemiologic and clinical characteristics in hospitalized and ambulatory children. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1990;162:1283-1290. [lci.rivm.nl]
Features of the new pandemic influenza A/H1N1/2009 virus: virology, epidemiology, clinical and public health aspects. Curr Opin Pulm Med, 16 (2010), pp. 235-241 [2] S. Melón, S. Méndez, B. Iglesias, J.A. Boga, M. Rodríguez, J.L. Fanjul, et al. [elsevier.es]
Pathophysiology
This finding suggests that the pathophysiology of the mucosal secretory responses after viral infections is similar in both groups. [journals.physiology.org]
Prevention
The findings support other data indicating that serum neutralizing antibody develops following the majority of rhinovirus illnesses and is important in preventing symptomatic rhinovirus infection. Full Text [jamanetwork.com]
The best preventive measure is practicing good hygiene. [msdmanuals.com]
Antibiotics should not be prescribed when a patient is suspected of a cold and should not be used to prevent severe disease caused by cold viruses. [health.hawaii.gov]
It is anticipated that the results will serve to guide the development of new treatments to prevent asthma attacks provoked by RV. [clinicaltrials.gov]
1) Practice prevention and stop the spread: Wash your hands often and well – and have children do the same. (Give special attention to post-potty and pre-meal hand washing.) Regularly wipe down tables, toys, and other objects and surfaces. [intermountainhealthcare.org]