Presentation
It usually remains asymptomatic in mild cases, but if severe, may present with chronic and vague RUQ abdominal pain which may be intermittent or persistent. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
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Entire Body System
- Infertility
Symptoms of the condition can include bowel obstruction, chronic pain, female infertility and, sometimes, death. [upi.com]
Surgery inside the uterine cavity (e.g., suction dilation and curettage, myomectomy, endometrial ablation ) may result in Asherman's syndrome (also known as intrauterine adhesions, intra uterine synachiae), a cause of infertility. [en.wikipedia.org]
- Female infertility and dyspareunia. - Rectal bleeding and dyschezia (i.e. painful defecation) during menses, which typically indicate colorectal involvement of endometriosis [8]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Fever
On the other hand, clinical features such as unexplained weight loss, fever, and night sweats should dissuade against adhesions as the primary etiology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Asymptomatic
It usually remains asymptomatic in mild cases, but if severe, may present with chronic and vague RUQ abdominal pain which may be intermittent or persistent. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Inflammation
This often causes inflammation and causes fibrin deposits onto the damaged tissues. [2] The fibrin then connects the two adjacent structures where damage of the tissues occurred. [en.wikipedia.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Abdominal Pain
Keywords: Laparotomy, Laparoscopic surgery, Intestinal obstruction, Adhesiolysis, Abdominal pain 1. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
She was admitted to the emergency room five hours before surgery with severe acute abdominal pain which appeared 24 hours before. CT-scan with oral administration of gastrografin showed signs of intestinal obstruction and adhesions were suspected. [websurg.com]
Adhesion-related twisting and pulling of internal organs may result in complications such as abdominal pain or intestinal obstruction. Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a significant consequence of post-surgical adhesions. [en.wikipedia.org]
- Chronic Abdominal Pain
Laparoscopy Effective for Management of Chronic Abdominal Pain; pp. 14–15. [ Google Scholar ] 20. Paajanen H., Julkunen K., Waris H. Laparoscopy on chronic abdominal pain. A prospective Nonrandomized long-term follow up study. J. Clin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Abdominal Distension
In a small but clinically significant proportion of patients, adhesive disease may develop, wherein adhesions lead to a variety of chronic symptoms such as abdominal distension, pain, nausea, and abnormal bowel movement pattern which can be daily, intermittent [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Abdominal Cramps
For patients with predominantly abdominal cramp-like symptoms, smooth muscle relaxants such as dicyclomine may be worth trialing. 7. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Dyschezia
- Rectal bleeding and dyschezia (i.e. painful defecation) during menses, which typically indicate colorectal involvement of endometriosis [8]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Urogenital
- Pelvic Pain
Pelvic adhesions [ edit ] Pelvic adhesions are a form of abdominal adhesions in the pelvis. In women they typically affect reproductive organs and thus are of concern in reproduction or as a cause of chronic pelvic pain. [en.wikipedia.org]
Adhesions in patients with chronic pelvic pain: a role for adhesiolysis? Fertil. Steril. 2004; 82 (6):1483–1491. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 23. Easter D.W., Cuscieri A., Nathanson L.K. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment
The lack of amenability of all adhesions to surgical treatment cannot be overemphasized. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
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The NIH places the annual cost of post-surgical adhesion treatment as high as $1 billion. [upi.com]
"American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons clinical practice guideline on the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 92 (1): 218–9. doi : 10.2106/JBJS.I.00642. [en.wikipedia.org]
Etiology
Nevertheless, as mentioned earlier, abdominal imaging is valuable to rule out other etiologies for a patient's symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
"Peritoneal adhesions: etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical significance. Recent advances in prevention and management". Digestive Surgery. 18 (4): 260–73. doi : 10.1159/000050149. [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology [ edit ] Adhesions form as a natural part of the body’s healing process after surgery in a similar way that a scar forms. [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathophysiology and prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions. World J. Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov 7; 17 (41):4545–4553. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 29. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention
Recent advances in prevention and management". Digestive Surgery. 18 (4): 260–73. doi : 10.1159/000050149. [en.wikipedia.org]
Dextran has been used successfully to prevent thrombosis of small arteries and large veins following trauma to the intima. 4,5 The mechanism by which dextran prevents thrombosis remains obscure. The total plasma volume [jamanetwork.com]
When abnormal fibrous connections known as adhesions grow, they can bind organs to the abdominal wall following surgery, preventing the organs from sliding around as they should. [upi.com]
Prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions: a review of the literature. AMJ Surg. 2011 Jan; 201 (1):111–121. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 32. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]