Presentation
Family tree–15 members in this family affected with trichoepithelioma were shown in black From this family, 2 members were presented due to multiple facial tumors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
10: D23.9 - Other benign neoplasm of skin, unspecified Epidemiology Adults Sporadic trichoepithelioma: Rare Incidence unknown Trichoblastoma: Rare F = M Brooke-Spiegler syndrome / multiple familial trichoepitheliomas: Multiple trichoepitheliomas may present [pathologyoutlines.com]
Patient Education Inform the patient that some degree of scarring will be present after trichoepithelioma treatment. Bowen S, Gill M, Lee DA, Fisher G, Geronemus RG, Vazquez ME, et al. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Treatment
Moreover, selection of inappropriate methods may cause incomplete treatment and disease recurrence and excessive treatment may result in increased risk of cosmetic and functional compromise.3 As a result, to avoid over-treatment and unnecessary complications [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment of cutaneous tumors with topical 5% imiquimod cream. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2009. 64(10):961-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text]. Fisher GH, Geronemus RG. [emedicine.medscape.com]
[…] pigmented nodule on the scalp (Pathol Res Pract 2017;213:860) 62 year old woman with a buttock nodule (Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2018;11:2884) 2 family members, 53 year old man and 19 year old woman, with multiple facial nodules (Am J Dermatopathol 2019;41:778) Treatment [pathologyoutlines.com]
Prognosis
[…] solitary trichoepithelioma with another affected first degree relative Patient is asymptomatic but has known family history of CYLD mutations Reference: PLoS Curr 2015;7:ecurrents.eogt.45c4e63dd43d62e12228cc5264d6a0db Prognostic factors Benign tumors; good prognosis [pathologyoutlines.com]
A single case study has reported a congenital lesion of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma. [12] Prognosis Slow growth is characteristic of trichoepithelioma. Partial removal may result in persistence or recurrence. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Etiology
Rare instances of tumors resembling trichoepithelioma have been reported in animals. [9] Etiology The gene involved in basal cell carcinoma (PTCH, human patched gene located on band 9q22.3) appears to participate in the pathogenesis of trichoepithelioma [emedicine.medscape.com]
Epidemiology
[…] the most common tumor type found in association with nevus sebaceus Terminology Previous names not widely used: trichogenic tumors, giant solitary trichoepithelioma, trichogerminoma ICD coding ICD-10: D23.9 - Other benign neoplasm of skin, unspecified Epidemiology [pathologyoutlines.com]
These patients may show mutations of the CYLD gene (cylindromatosis gene) that map to 16q12-q13. [11] Epidemiology US frequency One dermatopathology laboratory reported 2.14 and 2.75 cases of trichoepithelioma per year (9000 specimens). [emedicine.medscape.com]
Pathophysiology
[…] scalp, trunk, extremities, genital area Trichoepithelioma (multiple / familial): Symmetrical distribution over central face Rarely other sites as above Rarely dermatomal Trichoblastoma: Scalp, head and neck Occasionally trunk, extremities, genital area Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]
[…] position 2,317 in exon 17, in a Chinese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. [6] Additionally, a novel splicing mutation in the CYLD gene (IVS12 + 1 G-->A) has been reported in a Taiwanese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma. [7] Pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]